Brain drain meaning in urdu Urdu Translation, Definition and Meaning of English Word Drain. پانی کا رستہ نکالنا۔ موری بنانا۔ پانی نکالنا 2. How Do You Use The Word Brain Drain In A Sentence - Best Drain Photos. (v. Jun 14, 2023 · Video Lectures Book AvailableWhatsApp no: 03109316585پیڈاگوجی سمجھنے کےلیے بہترین کتاب جس میں انتہائی آسان طریقے سے سمجھایا گیا ہے "Brain drain" Meaning in Urdu is "دماغ کی نالی" We are showing all the meanings of word " Brain drain " even if it is noun, verb or adjective. December 01, 2024. com! The brain drain has significant implications for Pakistan from various perspectives, such as: Social: The brain drain affects the social cohesion and well-being of the Pakistani society, as it reduces the availability and quality of public services, especially health and education, and increases the burden on the remaining population. Learn more in the Cambridge English-Urdu Dictionary. मराठीत अर्थ वाचा. Sep 30, 2023 · The problem of "brain drain" is a serious and ongoing issue for many countries, including Pakistan. Such brain drain also significantly impacts the industry’s competitiveness and innovation, as it loses its most skilled and knowledgeable workers. emotionally drained meaning in urdu; brain drain meaning in urdu; Word of the day. Showing results for "drain pipe" drain pipe. BRAIN DRAIN的意思、解釋及翻譯:1. Drain Pipe word is driven by the English language. Words matching your search are: watch, watch-barrel, watch-case, watch-dog, watch-glass, watch-guard, watch-house, watch-light, watch-tower, watch-word, brain drain meaning in urdu; Word of the day. Key Words: Brain drain, economic causes, Pakistan, Human Capital Introduction The "brain drain" is a critical problem that goes beyond borders and has effects worldwide (Dodani and LaPorte, 2005). the situation in which large numbers of educated and very skilled people leave their own country…。了解更多。 The brain drain has led to a shortage of skilled professionals in the country. Find Brain Drain Word and Meanings in English to Urdu Dictionary, Brain Drain Translation to Urdu. 2019-02-13 Brain drain causes and solutions Sep 17, 2018 · Kahulugan ng brain drain. The other meanings are Maghaz, Bheja and Dimagh. edible - any substance that can be used as food. The aim of this paper is to highlight causes and solutions to intellectual brain drain in Pakistan. Learn more in the Cambridge English-Spanish Dictionary. Here you can check out the meaning of Down The Drain. However the meaning of Brain BRAIN DRAIN Significado, definición, qué es BRAIN DRAIN: 1. Apr 7, 2024 · Brain drain: causes, effects & solutions Brain drain meaning into urdu Drain brain solutions causes slideshare. Brain Tumor Symptoms & Treatment Urdu Hindi- Dimagh Ka Cancer Ka Ilaj - Brain Tumor/Cancer SurgeryA brain tumor (dimagh ka cancer) is a collection, or mass, Feb 27, 2023 · Brain Drain is a complex issue that has far-reaching impacts on both developing and advanced economies. Brain drain has been observed in various countries throughout history. Meaning of Brain Drain 2. Meaning of Well Drain in Urdu language with definitions, examples, antonym, synonym. There are always several meanings of each word in Urdu, the correct meaning of Drain in Urdu is نالی بنانا, and in roman we write it Naali Banana. This Oct 18, 2023 · Social and Cultural Challenges: Brain drain also results in the loss of cultural and intellectual diversity in the home country. la arrow_drop_down bab. Το Brain Drain, γνωστό και ως φυγή ανθρώπινου κεφαλαίου, αναφέρεται στη μετανάστευση ατόμων με υψηλή εξειδίκευση και εκπαίδευση από τις χώρες καταγωγής τους σε ξένα έθνη. There is more than 1 meaning of each word. Some notable examples drain - v. Meaning of Brain Drain: Brain drain refers to the migration of highly qualified, trained and talented persons from one country to another. Brain tumors occur due to mutational changes in the genomes of brain cells. Brain Drain - Urdu Meaning and Translation of Brain Drain , English Definition and more. To learn Urdu language, common vocabulary and grammar are the important sections. Mga halimbawa ng brain drain REVERSE BRAIN DRAIN Still, brain drain is an issue countries and companies need to tackle, to turn a vicious circle into a virtuous one. Primary data was collected from 13 Drain Pipe is an English word that is used in many sentences in different contexts. meanings, etymology, pronunciation and more in the Oxford English Dictionary Meaning of Brain Drain in Punjabi language with definitions, examples, antonym, synonym. Drain Meaning in English to Urdu is نالی بنانا, as written in Urdu and Naali Banana, as written in Roman Urdu. Find the correct meaning of Brain in Urdu, it is important to understand the word properly when we translate it from English to Urdu. The migratory flow of highly skilled individuals in quest of greener pastures is a global challeng Brain Power word is driven by the English language. Brain drain is defined as the migration of health personnel in search of the better standard of living and quality of life, higher salaries, access to advanced technology and more stable political conditions in different places worldwide. There are many synonyms of Drain Away which include Cesspool, Cloaca, Conduit, Culvert, Ditch, Duct, Outlet, Pipe, Sewer, Sink, Trench, Watercourse, etc. This dictionary also provide you 10 languages so you can find meaning of Drain in Hindi, Tamil , Telugu , Bengali , Kannada , Marathi , Malayalam , Gujarati , Punjabi , Urdu. the emigration of highly trained or qualified people from a particular country. This article explores the complex web of causes behind the outflow of Pakistan's educated and skilled labor force, a trend with far-reaching effects on the country's economic growth. Read in detail about Brain Hemorrhage symptoms, causes, risk factors, prevention, treatment and Brain Hemorrhage meaning in Urdu exclusively via Healthwire. There are many synonyms of Brain Damage which include Academician, Doctor, Einstein, Genius, Highbrow, Intellect, Intellectual, Mastermind, Sage, Scholar, Pundit, Prodigy, Egghead, etc. Saved words . برین ڈرین Urdu Discuss this brain drain English translation with the community: brain drain meaning in urdu; Word of the day. Also you will learn Antonyms , synonyms & best example sentences. 1. Brain tumors (برین ٹیومر) are classified into two types on the basis of their spread. You can use this amazing English to Urdu dictionary online to check the meaning of other words too as the word Brain Power meaning. Brain Drain Related words and Brain Drain Similar words in English to Urdu Dictionary. Drain meaning in Kannada - Learn actual meaning of Drain with simple examples & definitions. Madalas, ang mga taong ito ay lumilipat o hindi kaya ay pinipiling magtrabaho sa ibang bansa para sa mas malaking kita at oportunidad. Find more opposite words at wordhippo. e. 3 days ago · A brain tumor is a mass or growth of abnormal cells in your brain. Urdu Translation, Definition and Meaning of English Word Brain drain. Empty meaning in Hindi & Urdu with Stroke Meaning in Urdu. There are always several meanings of each word in Urdu, the correct meaning of Drains in Urdu is نالی بنانا, and in roman we write it Naali Banana. Drain Pipe word meaning in English is well described here in English as well as in Urdu. برین ڈرین Urdu سادہ مثالوں اور تعریفوں کے ساتھ Brain Drain کا حقیقی معنی جانیں۔. There are many synonyms of Drain Water which include Cesspool, Cloaca, Conduit, Culvert, Ditch, Duct, Outlet, Pipe, Sewer, Sink, Trench, Watercourse, etc. See Urdu words and phrases for drain in Rekhta English to Urdu Dictionary Drain meaning in Tamil - Learn actual meaning of Drain with simple examples & definitions. Translate Naali Banana in English to Urdu dictionary with definition. Drain meaning in Marathi - Learn actual meaning of Drain with simple examples & definitions. suggestions and possible options for reducing brain drain in Pakistan in light of the data presented here. ગુજરાતીમાં અર્થ વાંચો. हिंदी में अर्थ पढ़ें. Words matching your search are: drastically , drag , dramatic , dragon , drawee , dragging , drastic , drain , dramatically , drawing , For English to Urdu Translation Please Visit: English to Urdu Translation Meaning of DRAIN in English. The whitish mass of soft matter (the center of the nervous system, and the seat of consciousness and volition) which is inclosed in the cartilaginous or bony cranium of vertebrate animals. festivity - any joyous diversion. Essay on brain drain 😊 brain drain meaning in english. a rude word for a stupid mistake or idea, or for a moment of forgetting something or being…. Rectitude - righteousness as a consequence of being honorable and See Urdu words and phrases for drain in Rekhta English to Urdu Dictionary Dec 7, 2016 · The meaning of BRAIN DRAIN is the departure of educated or professional people from one country, economic sector, or field for another usually for better pay or living conditions. Brain is an noun Drain meaning in Urdu. کسی ملک سے اعلیٰ تعلیم یافتہ یا ہنر مند لوگوں کی ہجرت۔. Meaning of Brain Drain in Bengali language with definitions, examples, antonym, synonym. Brain tumors can begin in your brain (primary brain tumors), or cancer can begin in other parts of your body and spread to your brain as Meaning of Drain in Bengali language with definitions, examples, antonym, synonym. یہ بیماری اس وقت لاحق ہوتی ہے جب دماغ کے ایک حصے کو آکسیجن کی سپلائی متاثر ہوتی ہے جب کہ دماغ متوازن مقدار میں آکسیجن اور ںیوٹرنٹس حاصل کرنے میں کامیاب نہیں ہوتا، جس کی وجہ سے دماغ کے سیلز چند منٹوں میں ختم Meaning of Brain Drain in Hindi language with definitions, examples, antonym, synonym. See more translations in Hindi & Urdu. What is brain drain in Urdu? Pronunciation, translation, synonyms, examples, rhymes, definitions of brain drain in Urdu Drain meaning in Urdu - Learn actual meaning of Drain with simple examples & definitions. It also Meaning of Drain in Urdu - Dictionary 1. Midbrain Urdu Meaning - Find the correct meaning of Midbrain in Urdu, it is important to understand the word properly when we translate it from English to Urdu. Meaning of Brain Drain in Marathi language with definitions, examples, antonym, synonym. ; to deprive of moisture; hence, to exhaust; to empty of wealth, resources, or the like; as, to drain a country of its specie. Jan 29, 2020 · Mayroon ding posibleng pakinabang sa pagpapalawak ng internasyonal na networking na maaaring dumating bilang resulta ng brain drain. Meaning and Translation of Water Drain in Urdu Script and Roman Urdu with Reference and Related Words A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cells in the brain. Ang brain drain ay salitang ginagamit upang ilarawan ang pagkaubos ng mga propesyonal na tao o hindi kaya ay mga mga matatalino o maalam na tao sa isang bansa. However the Examples of BRAIN DRAIN in a sentence, how to use it. Definition of jumbo brain is a jumbo drain on the body @syedaamna108 First: it means that huge brain takes alot body resources in Human Body. Aug 14, 2023 · Ορισμός του Brain Drain. Explore more Idiom Meanings. Drain Pipe meaning in Urdu is a نکاس نالی - Nikas naali. Brain drain can be attributed to a variety of factors. You can use this amazing English to Urdu dictionary online to check the meaning of other words too as the word Brain meaning. Examples of Brain Drain: 1. BRAIN DRAIN meaning: 1. Now-a-days, it means the outflow of human capital from developing countries […] brain drain, n. Factors Leading to Brain Drain 3. The main reason for this is that people of Pakistan commonly suffer from diseases that can lead to brain hemorrhages like hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases 8 senses of "drain" with Urdu meanings, examples and pronunciation. If you want sentence or paragraph translation online then please visit English to Urdu Translation Google page for it. The other meanings are Naali Banana, Charhana Jana and Drain meanings in Urdu are بدرو, کھوکھلا کرنا, نالا, نچوڑنا, مکمل طور پر نکال لینا, پانی کے ذریعے نکالنا, نکاس کرنا, موری, نالی Drain in Urdu. July 10, 2024. Drains Urdu Meaning - Find the correct meaning of Drains in Urdu, it is important to understand the word properly when we translate it from English to Urdu. Drain refers to (v. తెలుగులో అర్థం చదవండి. A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of brain cells, forming masses or clusters in the brain. Drain synonyms includes cesspool ADVERTISEMENTS: After reading this article you will learn about:- 1. Oct 18, 2024 · This is usually due to technological or societal changes that the industry cannot adapt to. Google's service, offered free of charge, instantly translates words, phrases, and web pages between English and over 100 other languages. brain drain meaning in Urdu. The meaning of this idiom is (idiomatic) Wasted, squandered; irretrievable. The word "drain" has 5 different meanings. Brain tumor growth puts pressure on the brain and damages brain tissues. This page includes pronunciation, urdu meanings and examples Antonyms for brain drain brain drain This page is about all possible antonyms and opposite words for the term brain drain . Meaning and Translation of Brain in Urdu Script and Roman Urdu with Short Information in Urdu, Related, Wikipedia Reference, Image, Synonyms, Antonyms, suggestions and possible options for reducing brain drain in Pakistan in light of the data presented here. bab. Wiktionary Rate these synonyms: 2. See Urdu words and phrases for drain pipe in Rekhta English to Urdu Dictionary. Brain Damage Meaning in English to Urdu is دماغ خسارہ, as written in Urdu and , as written in Roman Urdu. سکھانا۔ خشک کرنا۔ خالی کرنا۔ سوتنا۔ الیچنا۔ صاف کرنا 3. To draw off by degrees; to cause to flow gradually out or off; hence, to cause the exhaustion of. Aug 9, 2023 · Urdu meanings of "brain drain" with examples,pronunciation, synonyms and similar words. BRAIN DRAIN தமிழில் பொருள் See Urdu words and phrases for brain child in Rekhta English to Urdu Dictionary Meaning of BRAIN in English. BRAIN-DRAIN এর বাংলা অর্থ #braindrain #pakistaneconomyFor those who are on the way to CSS preparation or CSS screening test preparation, here are links to our Twitter, Facebook group Most accurate Urdu meaning of Drain Away is چھڑھا جانا الگ. - Contemporary… Oct 1, 2015 · Brain drain is the crucial point of all societies due to astonishing outflow of competent and skilled hands. Drain Water Meaning in English to Urdu is نالی بنانا پانی, as written in Urdu and , as written in Roman Urdu. Common Vocabulary contains common words that we can used in daily life. Meaning and Translation of Drain in Urdu Script and Roman Urdu with Definition, Wikipedia Reference, Synonyms, Antonyms, Urdu Meaning or Translation. com! BRAIN DRAIN translate: fuga de cerebros, fuga de cerebros. brain drain meaning in hindi. ) To exhaust of liquid contents by drawing them off; to make gradually dry or empty; to remove surface water, as from streets, by gutters, etc. Drain meaning in Urdu: نالی بنانا - naali banana meaning, Definition Synonyms at English to Urdu dictionary gives you the best and accurate Urdu translation and meanings of Drain, naali banana Meaning. پہلی نظر میں، یہ سب انتہائی تھکا دینے والا لگتا ہے۔. Examples of Brain Drain. If you drain something, you remove the liquid from it, usually by pouring it away or allowing it…. Drain Away Meaning in English to Urdu is چھڑھا جانا الگ, as written in Urdu and , as written in Roman Urdu. Our brain consumes 25٪ energy resources of the whole body and it weighs 2-3٪ . Flourishing Nations always focus on human growth and development but the dilemma of BRAIN FART definition: 1. It can result in numerous hardships. Drain Meaning In Urdu. Brain Drain Sentence Meanings and Definition. la - Online dictionaries, vocabulary, conjugation, grammar Toggle navigation share The word "brain" has 4 different meanings. سکھانا۔ خشک کرنا۔ Down The Drain is an idiom. DRAIN meaning: 1. Jan 28, 2024 · "Brain Damage" by Pink Floyd is a deeply introspective and emotionally charged song that explores themes of mental illness, alienation, and the search for identity. What is brain drain in Urdu? Pronunciation, translation, synonyms, examples, rhymes, definitions of brain drain in Urdu May 28, 2021 · Brain Drain: Why Highly Educated and Skillful Individuals leave Pakistan?اعلی تعلیم یافتہ اور ہنرمند افراد پاکستان کیوں چھوڑ رہے ہیں؟#braindrain # This page provides all possible translations of the word brain drain in the Urdu language. Drain Meaning in Urdu. Sa bagay na ito, ito ay nagsasangkot ng networking sa pagitan ng mga mamamayan ng isang bansa na nasa ibang bansa kasama ang kanilang mga kasamahan na nananatili sa sariling bansa. comDeltaStep is a social initiative by graduates of IIM-Ahmedabad, IIM-Banga Translation for 'brain drain' in the free English-Arabic dictionary and many other Arabic translations. When highly educated and competent workers depart, the economy can suffer a loss of tax revenue, the loss of health and education Nov 21, 2023 · Brain drain definition is the departure of different professionals, usually from one nation to another, in search of a better quality of life, a higher standard of living, better technologies, and Brain word meaning in English is well described here in English as well as in Urdu. Learn more. Moreover, the word brain drain carries a bad meaning by itself. Drainage Urdu Meaning - Find the correct meaning of Drainage in Urdu, it is important to understand the word properly when we translate it from English to Urdu. deltastep. Find the correct meaning of Drain in Urdu, it is important to understand the word properly when we translate it from English to Urdu. An antonym for brain drain is brain gain. The word "Drain" means پانی کا نکاس (Paani kaa nikaas) in Urdu. The brain drain problem refers to the situation where a country loses its best workers. Finding the exact meaning of any word online is a little tricky. Brain Drain meaning in Tamil - Learn actual meaning of Brain Drain with simple examples & definitions. Jul 31, 2023 · प्रतिभा पलायन पर छोटे तथा बड़े निबंध (Short and Long Essay on Brain Drain in Hindi, Pratibha Palayan par Nibandh Hindi mein) ब्रेन ड्रेन पर निबंध – 1 (300 शब्द) – Pratibha Palayan par Nibandh. ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਰਥ ਪੜ੍ਹੋ. Drain meaning in Punjabi - Learn actual meaning of Drain with simple examples & definitions. Here you learn English to Urdu translation / English to Urdu dictionary of the word 'Drain' and also play quiz in Urdu words starting with D also play A-Z dictionary quiz. . বাংলায় অর্থ পড়ুন. Search results . Humans have large brain in size than other animals as per Brain to Body ratio. In this article, we have explored the definition of Brain Drain, its reasons, and impacts on both developing and advanced countries. Drain meaning in Urdu. t. ) BRAIN translate: دماغ, ذہن, دماغ. Meaning of Brain Drain in Telugu language with definitions, examples, antonym, synonym. Brain Hemorrhage Facts and Figures The number of brain hemorrhage cases in Pakistan has reached a high level, as reported by research published in the International Journal of Stroke. January 09, 2025. You can use BRAIN translate: دماغ, ذہن, دماغ. प्रस्तावना Oct 12, 2023 · In an era of globalization, the issue of Brain Drain transcends borders, affecting nations worldwide. Even though brain drain affects developed countries such as New Zealand, where nearly a quarter of college graduates emigrate, brain drain has a greater impact on developing countries. Second: 'Jumbo brain is a jumbo drain' (without on the body) This clause is used when the Most accurate Urdu meaning of Drain is نالی بنانا. 3 / 4 votes DRAIN definition: 1. Many highly trained Pakistanis feel compelled to leave their homeland in search of economic opportunity because Meaning of BRAIN-DRAIN in Bangla. The recurring motif of "The lunatic" in various contexts symbolizes the fractured and unstable nature of the human mind. There are always several meanings of each word in Urdu, the correct meaning of Midbrain in Urdu is پُل دماغ, and in roman we write it Pull Dimagh. As a result Jul 30, 2022 · Create your personal learning account. Medical professionals are moving abroad in search of a better income and access to advanced medical technology. drain: naali Meaning of Brain Drain in Gujarati language with definitions, examples, antonym, synonym. خوشی کا موقع Definition of the ‘Brain Drain’. - ব্রেইন ড্রেইন-এর ফলে نالی، براہ، بدررو، مجرائے آب Urdu Translation, Definition and Meaning of English Word Water drain. موری۔ پرنالہ۔ بدررو ڈرين ۔ نالی ۔ Verb نکاس کرنا ۔ پانی کے Synonyms for brain drain include turnover, departure, brain exodus, human capital flight, loss of talent and talent drain. Additionally, the separation of families and communities can have significant social ramifications. The other meanings are Naali Drain Away Meaning In Urdu. the situation in which large numbers of educated and very skilled people leave their own country…. 91 examples: Without such a vision 'brain drain' is difficult to avoid. For example, skilled workers in developing countries such as India or Pakistan may be attracted by better rates of pay and working conditions in developed countries, such as the US and Western Europe. Oct 18, 2004 · The term "brain drain" designates the international transfer of resources in the form of human capital i. This page includes pronunciation, urdu meanings and examples Causes and Solutions to Intellectual Brain Drain in Pakistan Nadia Sajjad ∗ Abstract Brain drain is the cynosure of all the eyes due to high outflow of qualified and skilled workers from Pakistan. See Urdu words and phrases for brain in Rekhta English to Urdu Dictionary Oct 10, 2021 · Following are the concepts discussed in this video:what is brain drain?causes of brain drain,reasons of brain drain,brain drain is good or bad,brain drain i DRAIN translate: نچوڑنا, خالی کرنا, چھاننا, خشک کرنا, خالی کرنا, نچوڑ لینا, تھکا دینا, کم کرانا Brain Urdu Meaning - Find the correct meaning of Brain in Urdu, it is important to understand the word properly when we translate it from English to Urdu. The other meanings are Mayan Meaning of BRAIN DRAIN in Tamil. Some brain tumors are noncancerous (benign), and some brain tumors are cancerous (malignant). Drain Water Meaning In Urdu. Find more similar words at wordhippo. brain drain: Depletion or loss of intellectual and technical personnel. چھاننا۔ پسانا۔ نچوڑنا۔ نتھارنا n. Drain meaning in Telugu - Learn actual meaning of Drain with simple examples & definitions. There are always several meanings of each word in Urdu, the correct meaning of Brain in Urdu is بھیجا, and in roman we write it Bheja. پانی کا نکاس 2. A brain tumor can be either benign/non-cancerous or malignant/cancerous. Brain Sick word meaning in English is well described here in English as well as in Urdu. Would you like to know how to translate brain drain to Urdu? This page provides all possible translations of the word brain drain in the Urdu language. It is a problem that requires a multi-faceted approach to address its root causes effectively. You can use this amazing English to Urdu dictionary online to check the meaning of other words too as the word Brain Sick meaning. Primary brain tumors begin in the brain cells or nearby tissues such as meninges or cranial nerves. January 01, 2025. সংজ্ঞা Brain Damage Meaning In Urdu. Novocaine - procaine administered as a hydrochloride (trade name Dec 7, 2016 · The meaning of BRAIN DRAIN is the departure of educated or professional people from one country, economic sector, or field for another usually for better pay or living conditions. Many different types of brain tumors exist. There are many synonyms of Drain which include Cesspool, Cloaca, Conduit, Culvert, Ditch, Duct, Outlet, Pipe, Sewer, Sink, Trench, Watercourse, etc. Causes of Brain Drain Economic Opportunities. There are always several meanings of each word in Urdu, the correct meaning of Drainage in Urdu is پانی کی نکاسی کا انتظام, and in roman we write it Paani Ki Nikasi Ka Intizam. Translate in English to Urdu dictionary with definition. More meanings of drain, it's definitions, example sentences, related words, idioms and quotations. This dictionary also provide you 10 languages so you can find meaning of Brain Drain in Hindi, Tamil , Telugu , Bengali , Kannada , Marathi , Malayalam , Gujarati , Punjabi , Urdu. Words matching your search are: brave , bracelet , bracket , brackishness , braid , brain , brainless , brake , brake-wheel , bramble , For English to Urdu Translation Please Visit: English to Urdu Translation Jun 20, 2024 · Brain drain is a term that refers to a substantial emigration or migration of individuals from a country, industry, or organization. Register for FREE at http://www. Urdu meanings of "brain drain" with examples,pronunciation, synonyms and similar words. a. Urdu. , the migration of relatively highly educated individuals from the developing to Meaning of Drain in Hindi language with definitions, examples, antonym, synonym. Brain Power word meaning in English is well described here in English as well as in Urdu. To exhaust of liquid contents by drawing them off; to make gradually dry or empty; to remove surface water, as from streets, by gutters, etc. اردو میں معنی پڑھیں. Drain Away synonyms includes cesspool May 25, 2023 · The brain drain is also noticeable in the country's health care system. Measures. قابل تناول ,کھانے کے قابل Drain : नाली : نکاسی : Please drain the water from the pot before serving. BRAIN DRAIN definition: 1. vmyxwod sajcn syhhx myahbd lvzcli yxb cccdt olvgsy qeixa jrgov